Personality and different elements of personality influencing OB
Organizational Behavior MBS 1st semester note
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Organizational Behavior MBS 1st Sem
1. What is personality? Critically discuss the different elements of personality with their specific application in the study of personality.
Personality refers to the unique and stable pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behavior that characterize an individual. Personality is concerned with the reaction and interaction of the individual and the situation, which shows the individual's behavior.
The different elements of personality influencing OB are
- Locus of control:
Locus of control is a psychological concept that refers to an individual's belief about the extent to which they have control over the outcomes of events. People with an internal locus of control believe that they are largely responsible for what happens to them. They think that their own actions, decisions, and efforts determine the outcomes in their lives. For example, if they succeed in a test, they attribute it to their hard work, and if they fail, they believe they didn't prepare well enough.
People with an external locus of control believe that outside forces such as fate, luck, or chance are responsible for what happens to them. They feel less in control of the outcome.
- Authoritarianism:
Authoritarianism is a personality trait that is characterized by a strong belief in obedience to authority and rigid adherence to rules and traditions. Individuals high in authoritarianism often display a preference for hierarchy and strict discipline. The authoritarian person is comfortable being the strong ruler, but if the individual is not the strong ruler, then he/she will demonstrate complete obedience to another strong authority figure.
- Dogmatism:
Dogmatism is a personality trait characterized by rigid thinking, where individuals strongly believe in their own beliefs and experiences without considering alternative viewpoints or evidence. Dogmatic individuals tend to see the world in absolute terms - right or wrong, black or white—and are resistant to change. People with a high level of dogmatism may struggle in roles that involve innovation and teamwork.
- Self-Esteem:
Self-esteem refers to an individual's overall sense of self-worth. It reflects how much a person likes, respects, and believes in themselves. People with high self-esteem tend to feel confident and worthy of respect. They are more likely to take challenges. In contrast, those with low self-esteem may doubt their ability and feel inferior. Employees with high self-esteem are more likely to be proactive and take initiative. However, low self-esteem can result in avoidance of responsibility or fear of failure.
- Risk Taking:
Risk-taking is a personality trait that reflects an individual's willingness to engage in making decisions that involve uncertainty and the possibility of loss. People who are high risk takers tend to be confident and are open to new experiences. High-risk-taking managers tend to make quick decisions with less information. High risk takers speculate on new ideas and explore new opportunities.
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